"Black power History 20th century United States." . . . . "Livres électroniques" . . . . . . . . . . . . . "This work chronicles how violence brought about the founding of the Black Panther Party in 1966 by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, dominated its policies, and brought about the party's destruction as one member after another, including Eldridge Cleaver, Fred Hampton, Alex Rackley, left the party, was killed, or was imprisoned. The author shows how the party's early emphasis in the 1960s on self-defense, though sorely needed in black communities at the time, left it open to mischaracterization, infiltration, and devastation by local, state, and federal police forces and government agencies. The author highlights the internal tension between advocates of a more radical position than the Panthers took, who insisted on military confrontation with the state and those, such as Newton and David Hilliard, who believed in making community organizing and alliance building their first priorities. A number of party members who had heretofore remained silent. were interviewed. With the help of these stories, the auhtor is able to put the violent history of the party in perspective and show that the \"survival\" programs such as the Free Breakfast for Children program and Free Health Clinics helped the black communities they served to recognize their own bases of power and ability to save themselves."@en . "Up Against the Wall : Violence in the Making and Unmaking of the Black Panther Party" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "This work chronicles how violence brought about the founding of the Black Panther Party in 1966 by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, dominated its policies, and brought about the party's destruction as one member after another, including Eldridge Cleaver, Fred Hampton, Alex Rackley, left the party, was killed, or was imprisoned. The author shows how the party's early emphasis in the 1960s on self-defense, though sorely needed in black communities at the time, left it open to mischaracterization, infiltration, and devastation by local, state, and federal police forces and government agencies. The author highlights the internal tension between advocates of a more radical position than the Panthers took, who insisted on military confrontation with the state and those, such as Newton and David Hilliard, who believed in making community organizing and alliance building their first priorities. A number of party members who had heretofore remained silent. were interviewed. With the help of these stories, the author is able to put the violent history of the party in perspective and show that the \"survival\" programs such as the Free Breakfast for Children program and Free Health Clinics helped the black communities they served to recognize their own bases of power and ability to save themselves." . . . . . . . . . . . . "Electronic books" . "Electronic books"@en . . "Up Against the Wall Violence in the Making and Unmaking of the Black Panther Party" . . . . . "Up against the wall : violence in the making and unmaking of the Black Panther Party"@en . "Up against the wall : violence in the making and unmaking of the Black Panther Party" . . . . . . . . . . . . "<Div>Elbert \"Big Man\" Howard was a founding member of the Black Panther Party and the editor of the party's newspaper.</div>"@en . . . . "Up against the wall violence in the making and unmaking of the Black Panther Party" . "History"@en . "Up against the wall violence in the making and unmaking of the Black Panther Party"@en . "History" . "Biography"@en . "Biography" . . . . . . "African Americans Politics and government 20th century United States." . . "Black Panther Party Army India History Biography Constitution." . . "Black Panther Party" . . "Black Panther Party." . "Political violence History 20th century United States." . . "Electronic books." . . . . "Estados Unidos" . . "African Americans Politics and government 20th century." . . "1900 - 1999" . . "Widerstand." . . "Widerstand" . "ebrary, Inc." . . "POLITICAL SCIENCE Political Process Political Advocacy." . . "politiske partiers ideologi og teori" . . "États-Unis" . . "United States" . . "United States." . "Black power." . . "Black power" . "black power" . "Ebrary." . . "Violencia Aspecto político Estados Unidos." . . "Violence politique États-Unis 1945-...." . . "USA." . . "USA" . "Gewalt." . . "Gewalt" . "Schwarze." . . "Schwarze" . "Political violence." . . "Political violence" . "African Americans Politics and government." . . "African Americans Politics and government" . "Black power United States History 20th century." . . "Political violence United States History 20th century." . . "Race relations." . . "Race relations" .