"Africa, French-speaking Western." . . "Africa, French-speaking Western" . "Secteur informel." . . "Since 1960" . . "Secteur informel (Économie politique) Afrique noire francophone." . . "Business." . . "Africa, West Economic conditions 1960." . . "BUSINESS & ECONOMICS Corporate & Business History." . . "World Bank." . . "World Bank" . "Informal sector (Economics)" . . "Small business." . . "Small business" . "BUSINESS & ECONOMICS Infrastructure." . . "Schattenwirtschaft." . . "Informele economie." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The informal sector in francophone Africa : firm size, productivity, and institutions"@en . . . . . "The informal sector in francophone Africa firm size, productivity, and institutions" . "The informal sector in francophone Africa firm size, productivity, and institutions"@en . . "The informal sector in West Africa has some distinctive characteristics. Informality usually connotes small and unorganized producers operating on the fringes of the formal economy. In West African countries, however, the normal situation is to some extent reversed: a dynamic informal sector dominates the stagnant formal economy. Moreover, in these countries, small operators coexist with very large and politically well-connected informal enterprises and well-organized networks. Notwithstanding its importance, there have been relatively few systematic studies of this dual feature of the informa."@en . . . . . "The informal sector in Francophone Africa : firm size, productivity and institutions" . . . . . . . . . . . . "The informal sector in francophone Africa firm size, productivity and institutions" . . . . . "Electronic books"@en . . . . . "Electronic book" . . . . "Les entreprises informelles de l'Afrique de l'ouest francophone : taille, productivité et institutions" . . . . . "Les entreprises informelles de l'Afrique de l'Ouest francophone : taille, productivité et institutions" . . . . . . . . . . "The informal sector in francophone Africa : firm size, productivity and institutions"@en . "The informal sector in francophone Africa : firm size, productivity and institutions" . . . . . . "Afrique francophone" . . . . "Africa, West" . . "Africa, West." . "Afrika." . . "West Afrika" . . "Secteur informel (Économie politique) Afrique occidentale francophone." . . "Petits commerces Afrique occidentale 1990-...." . . "Small business Africa, French-speaking West." . . "Micro-entreprises Afrique occidentale 1990-...." . . "Economic history." . . "Economic history" . "Afrique occidentale francophone." . . "Subsaharisches Afrika." . . "Petites et moyennes entreprises Afrique noire francophone." . . "Informal sector (Economics) Africa, French-speaking West." . . "Afrique occidentale" . . "Afrique occidentale." . "Entreprises Afrique occidentale 1990-...." . . "Westafrika." . . "Économie souterraine Afrique occidentale 1990-...." . . "Petites et moyennes entreprises Afrique occidentale francophone." . .