"FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / Chinese" . . "Chinese language Grammar." . . "Chinese language Grammar" . "Chinois (langue) Grammaire historique Sources." . . "Chinese language Grammar Early works to 1800." . . . . "Coblin, W. South" . . "Chinees." . . "Grammatik Chinesisch Alter Text." . . "Xinès Gramàtica Obres anteriors a 1800." . . . . "Arte de la lengua Mandarina" . . . "Livres électroniques" . . . . . "Francisco Varo's Grammar of the Mandarin language (1703) : an English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina'" . . "Francisco Varo's Grammar of the Mandarin language (1703) : an English translation" . "Electronic books" . "Electronic books"@en . "Francisco Varoʼs grammar of the Mandarin language, 1703 : an English translation of Arte de la lengua mandarina" . . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the mandarin language, 1703 : an English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina'" . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the mandarin language, 1703 : an English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina'"@en . . . "华语官话语法" . . . "Francisco Varo's Grammar of the Mandarin Language (1703): An English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina': With an Introduction by Sandra Breitenbach" . . "Francisco Varo's Arte de la Lengua Mandarina, completed ca. 1680, is the earliest published grammar of any spoken form of Chinese and the fullest known description of the standard language of the seventeenth century. It establishes beyond doubt that this \"Language of the Mandarins\" was not Pekingese or Peking-based but had instead a Jiang-Huai or Nankingese-like phonology. It also provides important information about the nature and formation of pre-modern standard forms of Chinese and will lead to revisions of currently held views on Chinese koines and their relationship with regional speech forms and the received vernacular literature. Finally, it provides a wealth ot information on stylistic speech levels, honorific usage, and social customs of the elite during the early Qing period. The book provides a full translation of the 1703 text of the Arte, an extensive introduction to the life and work of Varo, an index of Chinese characters inserted into the translation, and an index of linguistic terms and concepts. It should be of interest to a diverse readership of Chinese historical, comparative, and descriptive linguists, students of Qing history and literature, historiographers of linguistics, and specialists in early Western religious and cultural contact with China." . . "Francisco Varo's Arte de la Lengua Mandarina, completed ca. 1680, is the earliest published grammar of any spoken form of Chinese and the fullest known description of the standard language of the seventeenth century. It establishes beyond doubt that this \"Language of the Mandarins\" was not Pekingese or Peking-based but had instead a Jiang-Huai or Nankingese-like phonology. It also provides important information about the nature and formation of pre-modern standard forms of Chinese and will lead to revisions of currently held views on Chinese koines and their relationship with regional s."@en . . . "Arte de la lengua mandarina" . "Ben shu nei rong han gai ruo gan jie lü ; han yu de sheng diao ; ming ci he dai ci de ge bian ; ming ci he xing rong ci, bi jiao ji he zui gao ji ; dai ci ; dong ci ji qi bian wei ; bei dong dong ci he bei dong jie gou deng shi liu zhang." . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the mandarin language (1703) an English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina'"@en . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the mandarin language (1703) an English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina'" . "Early works" . . . "Grammar of the Mandarin language" . "Francisco Varo's Grammar of the Mandarin Language (1703) : an English Translation of \"Arte de la lengua Mandarina\"" . . . . . . . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the Mandarin language (1703) : an English transl. of Arte de la lengua Mandarina" . . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the Mandarin language, 1703 an English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina'" . . . "Quelle" . . . "Hua yu guan hua yu fa" . . . . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the mandarin language (1703) : an english translation of 'arte de la lengua mandarina'" . . . . . . "Francisco Varo's Grammar of the Mandarin Language (1703) an English Translation of \"\"Arte de la Lengua Mandarina\"\""@en . . . . . . . "Arte de la lengua Mandarina" . . "Francisco Varo's grammar of the mandarin language (1703) : an English translation of 'Arte de la lengua Mandarina'" . . . "Grammatica's (vorm)" . . "Grammatik." . . "Chinesisch." . .