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[Ledger of Medici accounts]
- "Ledger of accounts of an unidentified member of the Medici family for the years 1544-1545. Often includes the nature of a given credit or debt and its amount, as well as listing the names of the individuals that hold the debt or credit. Among the names that appear throughout the ledger and who act as counterparts in the transactions, the most frequent are Carlo, Agostino, and Francesco de' Medici; Bernardo Ricasoli; Ferdinando and Piero Salviati; Francesco and Mariotto Rucellai; Guglielmo Capponi; Alessandro Antinori; Bartolomeo Gondi; and Bernardo Buonaccorsi. Transactions are sometimes related to payments for produce or rent, as well as small debts and credits. Most of the individuals who appear in the ledger are members of different Florentine aristocratic families who worked for the Medici as diplomats or statesmen, but who also often acted as business counterparts. Notes, dated 1544, contain a list of names of more debtors and the amount they owe."
- "Ledger of accounts of an unidentified member of the Medici family for the years 1542-1543. Often includes the nature of a given credit or debt and its amount, as well as listing the names of the individuals that hold the debt or credit. Among the names that appear throughout the ledger and who act as counterparts in the transactions, the most frequent are Carlo and Alamanno de' Medici; Alessandro Antinori; Leonardo and Piero Salviati; Carlo Capponi; Carlo Renzoni; Francesco Rucellai; Iacopo Guicciardini; Carlo Acciauoli; Jacopo della Fonte; and Leonardo de Fornari. Transactions are sometimes related to payments for produce or rent, as well as small debts and credits. Most of the individuals who appear in the ledger are members of different Florentine aristocratic families who worked for the Medici as diplomats or statesmen, but who also often acted as business counterparts."
- "Ledger of accounts of the Medici family for the years 1573-1580. Often includes the nature of a given transaction and its amount, as well as listing the names of the individuals that act as counterparts in the transaction."
- "Ledger of accounts of Ludovico Giraldi and Vincenzo de' Medici for the years 1563-1569. Ludovico and Vincenzo were both members of the guild of the lanaioli, merchants who dealt in woolen cloth and cooperated with the other corporations of bankers and merchants in the comune of Florence. Like other lanaioli, they saw all the processes from the raw baled wool through the final cloth, and the present manuscript reflects their various activities. Most of the counterparts were other textile merchants, dyers, tailors, or members of the guild. Thus, the transactions recorded in the ledger are, for the most part debts, credits or expenses related to the purchase of wool, cloth or semi-finished textile goods, as well as salary payments made to various members of the guild. The business counterparts of Vincenzo and Ludovico that appear in the ledger include members of the most prestigious Florentine families, such as Guglielmo degli Albizzi, Filippo Salviati, Giovanbattista Detti, Alessandro de' Medici, Federigo de' Ricci, and Pancrazio Rucellai. Among the names of the workers that appear in the ledger, the ones that recur more frequently are those of Piero Baldocci; Filippo Marinuggi; Francesco and Lorenzo Corsini; Luca Salvucci; and Giovanni Buontalenti. A very small number of transactions with other artisans such as shoe- and hat-makers, whose activities were only marginally related to those of the lanaioli, are also present."
- "Ledger of accounts of Vincenzo de' Medici for the years 1606-1609. Often includes the nature of a given transaction and its amount, as well as listing the names of the individuals that act as counterparts in the transaction. The first kind of transaction that appears in the ledger is related to the sale or purchase of textile products (usually silk). The number of these transactions is relatively small. A much larger group of accounts is related to debts and credits with the Spanish crown, which relied heavily on foreign funds (especially Florentine and Genoese) to support their military campaigns. The Medici were one of the families of bankers and financiers who made frequent and large short-term loans to the Spanish kings. Together with liquid funds, large amounts of silver (of varying degrees of pureness and refinement) were also exchanged, traded or loaned to the Spanish crown, probably using bills of exchange. A bill of exchange is a written order by one person to his bank to pay the bearer a specific sum on a specific date. Some merchants, including Vincenzo de' Medici, purchased many bills of exchange from various counterparts to hedge the risk of the transactions, and made money betting on the difference of prices of the same asset (in this case currencies and commodities such as gold and silver) which occurred on different markets. In addition to that, some of the transactions recorded in the ledger that occurred between the Medici and the Spanish were brokered by Italian third parties (possibly Genoese) to receive the best price. Vincenzo de' Medici, in charge of the Florentine mint, had the advantage of being able to access a large volume of liquid funds and precious commodities, which resulted in the opportunity to create a diversified portfolio containing some of the most sought after financial products. Probably other financial instruments were also traded, perhaps some whose underlying assets (commodities, but currencies could also be used) were to be physically delivered at a slightly later date, as bills of exchange tend to work well for short-term transactions only; the complexity of the records in the ledger suggest transactions that are likely more complicated than simple bills of exchange."
- "Ledger of accounts of the Medici family for the years 1609-1611. It contains a detailed list of transfers of large sums of money between the Medici bank of Florence and various counterparts, the most important being the banks of the Medici Capponi and other banks in Pisa, Siena, Rome and Naples, possibly branches of the Medici bank of Florence. There are also exchanges between the Medici bank of Florence and institutions of other cities, such as the Priore di Bologna (f. 33r)."
- "Manuscripts, Italian"
- "Manuscripts, European"
- "Early works"
- "History"
- "Codices"
- "Accounts"
- "Credit records"
- "Ledgers (account books)"
- "Manuscripts, Renaissance"
- "Archives"
- "[Ledger of Medici accounts]"