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"Finally, we consider two ways of relativizing the bounded query class $P_{k-tt}[superscript]{NP}$: the restricted relativization $P_{k-tt}[superscript]{NP[superscript]{C}}$, and the full relativization $\left(P_{k-tt}[superscript]{NP}\right)[superscrip t]{C}$. If $C$ is NP-hard, then we show that the two relativizations are different unless $PH[superscript]{C}$ collapses."@en
"Chang and Kadin have shown that if the difference hierarchy over NP collapses to level $k$, then the polynomial hierarchy (PH) is equal to the $k$th level of the difference hierarchy over $\Sigma_{2}[superscript]{p}$. We simplify their proof and obtain a slightly stronger conclusion: If the difference hierarchy over NP collapses to level $k$, then PH = $\left(P_{(k-1)-tt}[superscript]{NP}\right)[supers cript]{NP}$. We also extend the result to classes other than NP: For any class $C$ that has $\leq_{m}[superscript]{p}$-complete sets and is closed under $\leq_{conj}[superscript]{p}$- and $\leq_{m}[superscript]{NP}$-reductions, if the difference hierarchy over $C$ collapses to level $k$, then $PH[superscript]{C} = $\left(P_{(k-1)-tt}[superscript]{NP}\right)[supers cript]{C}$. Then we show that the exact counting class $C_{=}P$ is closed under $\leq_{disj}[superscript]{p}$- and $\leq_{m}[superscript]{co-NP}$-reductions. Consequently, if the difference hierarchy over $C_{=}P$ collapses to level $k$ then $PH[superscript]{PP}$ is equal to $\left(P_{(k-1)-tt}[superscript]{NP}\right)[supers cript]{PP}$. In contrast, the difference hierarchy over the closely related class PP is known to collapse."@en

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"A relationship between difference hierarchies and relativized polynomial hierarchies"@en
"A relationship between difference hierarchies and relativized polynomial hierarchies"

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