"Programmeren (computers)" . . "Programmation (Informatique) Congrès." . . "Compréhension programmation." . . . . "Programmation." . . "Computer programming Congresses." . . "Programmierung." . . "North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division." . . "Cognitive models and intelligent environments for learning programming" . "Cognitive models and intelligent environments for learning programming"@en . . "Conference papers and proceedings" . "Conference papers and proceedings"@en . . . . "Aufsatzsammlung" . . . . . . . . . "Cognitive models and intelligent environments for learning programming : [proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Cognitive Models and Intelligent Environments for Learning Programming, held near Genova, Italy, March 17-21, 1992]" . . . "At present, there is a general consensus on the nature of learning programming, but there are different opinions on what forms an effective environment for it. It is generally recognized that the development of a mental model is a formidable task for the student and that learning programming is a complex activity that depends heavily on metacognitive skills. This book, based on a NATO workshop, presents both pure cognitive models and experimental learning environments, and discusses what characteristics can make a learning model effective, especially in relation to the learning environment (natural or computerized). The papers cover cognitive models related to different aspects of programming, classes of learners, and types of environment, and are organized in three groups: theoretical and empirical studies on understanding programming, environments for learning programming, and learning programming in school environments. Comprehension, design, construction, testing, debugging, and verification are recognized as interdependent skills, which require complicated analysis and may develop independently, and indifferent orders, in novices. This book shows that there is unlikely to be asingle path from novice to expert and that the structure of the final product (the program) may not constrain the process by which it comes into being as much as some would advocate."@en . . . "Kongreß" . "Cognitive models and intelligent environments for learning programming : NATO advanced research workshop : Papers"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Kongress Santa Margherita, Ligure" . . . "Conference proceedings"@en . "Conference proceedings" . . . . . . . . "Electronic books"@en . . . "Kongress" . . . "Enseignement programmation." . . "Environnement d'apprentissage intelligent." . . "NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Cognitive Models and Intelligent Environments for Learning Programming$ (1992 : Santa Marghertia, Italie)" . . "Lerntechnik." . . "OTAN Advanced Research Workshop on Cognitive Models and Intelligent Environments for Learning Programming, (1992. Génova)" . . . "Onderwijs." . . "NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Cognitive Models and Intelligent Environments for Learning Programming (1992 : Santa Marghertia, Italy)" . . . "Informatikunterricht." . . "Ordinateurs Programmation Étude et enseignement Congrès." . . "Kognitives Lernen." . . "Programación (Ordenadores electrónicos digitales) congresos y asambleas." . . "Santa Margherita <Ligure, 1992>" . . "Intelligentes Tutorsystem." . . "Lernen." . . "Programmiersprache." . . "Apprentissage." . . "Computer programming." . . "Computerunterstütztes Lernen." . .