"Europa (geografie)" . . "Handelsgeschichte" . . "500 - 1599" . . "Commerce History 16th century." . . "Handelshistorie" . . "Economische structuur." . . "Europe" . . "Europe." . "Kapitalisme." . . "Økonomisk historie" . . "Bourgondische Nederlanden." . . "Comerç Història 600-1500, Edat mitjana." . . "commerce Europe occidentale Pays-Bas 14e s. / 16e s." . . "Histoire économique." . . "Handel Europa średniowiecze." . . "1300-1600" . . "Commerce Europe 16e siècle." . . "Dot Europe Moyen âge." . . "Sociaal-economische geschiedenis." . . "Commerce History Medieval, 500-1500." . . "Europa" . . "Histoire." . . "Commerce." . . "Commerce Europe Moyen âge." . . "anno 1300-1399" . . "Rites et cérémonies du mariage Europe 16e siècle." . . "Rites et cérémonies du mariage médiévaux Europe Moyen âge." . . "Comerç Història S. XVI." . . "Handel." . . . . "Moyen Âge" . . "Geschichte 1300-1600." . . "Handel średniowiecze." . . "Handel Europa 16 w." . . "16e siècle" . . "anno 1400-1499" . . "Commerce Histoire 16e siècle." . . . . . "Commerce before Capitalism in Europe, 1300-1600" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Commerce before capitalism in Europe : 1300-1600" . "Commerce before capitalism in Europe, 1300-1600"@en . "Commerce before capitalism in Europe, 1300-1600" . . . . . "Commerce before capitalism in Europe, 1300--1600" . . . . . . "Commerce Before Capitalism in Europe, 1300--1600" . . . "Commerce before capitalism in Europe, 1300 - 1600" . . . . . . . . "Martha C. Howell argues that the merchants, shopkeepers, artisans, and consumers in cities and courts throughout Western Europe were by no means proto-capitalist and did not consider their property a fungible asset. Even though they freely bought and sold property using sophisticated financial techniques, they preserved its capacity to secure social bonds by intensifying market regulations and by assigning new meaning to marriage, gift-giving, and consumption. Later generations have sometimes found such actions perplexing, often dismissing them as evidence that business people of the late medieval and early modern worlds did not fully understand market rules. Howell, by contrast, shows that such practices were governed by a logic specific to their age and that, however primitive they may appear to subsequent generations, these practices made Europe's economic future possible. --from publisher description." . "History" . . . "History"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Økonomiske overgangsstadier" . . "Sociale mobiliteit." . . "Dot Europe 16e siècle." . . "Commerce Histoire 500-1500 (Moyen Âge)" . . "anno 1500-1599" . . "Comercio Historia 0500-1500." . . "Comercio Historia Siglo XIV-XVI." . . "Europa" . . "Europa." . "Handelskapitalisme." . . "Wirtschaft Geschichte." . .