"Spinal Neoplasms." . . "Sarcoma, Synovial." . . . . . . "Malignant dumb-bell tumors of the thoracolumbar spine with giant extraspinal extension: report of three cases"@sl . . . . . "Izhodišča. Spinalni tumorji, ki se skozi intervertebralni foramen širijo zunaj spinalnega kanala, so t. i. tumorji v obliki peščene ure. Maligni tumorji te vrste so redki ter običajno nevrogenega izvora. Ekstraspinalni del tumorja je lahko izredno velik, vendar pa so simptomi in znaki najpogosteje posledica rašče v spinalnem delu. Metode. Predstavljeni so primeri treh bolnikov s tumorji torakolumbalne hrbtenice z obsežnim ekstraspinalnim delom. Pri dveh bolnikih je šlo za maligni tumor perifernih živčnih ovojnic, pri enem pa za sinovialni sarkom. Rezultati. Pri dveh bolnikih je bila opravljena operacija v dveh sejah, pri čemer je bil najprej operiran spinalni del tumorja. Tretji bolnik je imel najprej operiran ekstraspinalni del tumorja, vendar je po tej operaciji umrl zaradi splošnih perioperativnih zapletov. Odstranitev korpusa vretenca ter ustrezna stabilizacija hrbtenice je bila opravljena pri enem bolniku. Dva bolnika sta prejela adjuvantno onkološko zdravljenje. Najdaljše preživetje je bilo doseženo pri bolniku, pri katerem je bila tudi operacija najbolj radikalna. Zaključki. V prikazanih primerih gre za redke tumorje, katerih operativna in ostala oskrba je zahtevna, izkušenj z zdravljenjem je malo, zahtevajo individualni, a multidisciplinarni pristop, pooperativni potekje zahteven, napoved izida pa običajno manj ugodna."@sl . . "Background. Tumors of the spine where spinal part of the tumor spreads trough the intervertebral foramen are so-called hourglass or dumbbell tumors. Malignant tumors of this kind are rare and most frequently neurogenic in origin. The extraspinal part of the tumor could be extremely large; however, the symptoms and signs are most commonly attributable to the spinal part. Methods. Three patients with malignant dumbbell tumors with an extensive exstraspinal part are presented. Two patients had malignant peripheral nerve sheet tumor and one patient had synovial sarcoma. Results. In two patients operation was performed in several steps and the spinal part of the tumor was operated first. The third patient was first operated for the extraspinal part but died after the operation due to the general postoperative complications. Corpectomy and adequate stabilization was performed in one patient. Two patients received adjuvant oncological treatment. The longest survival was achieved in a patient who had the most radical surgery. Conclusions. Patients with rare tumors are presented where surgical and postoperative treatment is challenging, experiences with the treatment are few, individual and multidisciplinary approach is mandatory, postoperative course is demanding and the prognosis is less favorable."@sl . . "Maligni tumorji torakolumbalne hrbtenice z obsežnim širjenjem izven spinalnega kanala: prikaz treh primerov = Malignant dumb-bell tumors of the thoracolumbar spine with giant extraspinal extension: report of three cases"@sl . . . . . . . . . "Sinovialni sarkom." . . "Periferni živčni sistem, novotvorbe." . . "Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms." . . "Spinalne novotvorbe." . .