"Demokratie nach dem Ende des Kommunismus -dieser Titel wirft zwei Fragen auf: 1. Wird am Ende des welthistorischen Umbruchs, der etwa 1985 mit Glasnost und Perestroika in der Sowjetunion begann, der 1989 in die Revolutionen in Mittel-Ost-und Südosteu ropa mündete und 1991 zum Ende der einstmaligen "Vorhut der Weltrevolution", der Sowjetunion führte, die Demokratie stehen? 2. Wie stellt sich die Zukunft der etablierten Demokratien des We stens nach dem Umbruch in den kommunistischen Ländern dar? In der Euphorie des Jahres 1989 schien es für kurze Zeit, als wäre die liberale Demokratie als "Sieger" aus der Systemausein andersetzung hervorgegangen. Es verwundert nicht, daß angesichts dieser Entwicklung große Hoffnungen in eine demokratische und damit friedlichere Zukunft gesetzt wurden. Der israelische Poli tikwissenschaftler Shlomo A vineri hat in diesem Zusammenhang von einer fast messianischen Hoffnung in den Gesellschaften, die den Kommunismus überwunden hatten, aber auch im Westen gesprochen. Während der atemberaubenden Ereignisse Ende 1989/Anfang 1990 bezweifelten nur wenige, daß der schnelle Übergang zur Marktwirtschaft nötig und möglich und die Demokratie das gleich sam natürliche Korrelat zur Marktwirtschaft sei. Inzwischen ist Ernüchterung eingekehrt. Die Demokratisierung in den postkommunistischen Ländern geht mühsamer voran, als erwartet und in manchen Ländern, allen voran im "Kernland" des ehemaligen sowjetischen Imperiums, Rußland, regen sich neue diktatorische Bestrebungen. Trotz dieser, in ihren möglichen Konsequenzen noch nicht abzu schätzenden Gefährdungen hat der Zerfall des Kommunismus die mehr als ein halbes Jahrhundert bestehenden Konfrontationen beendet."
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changement politique démocratisation Europe orientale.
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démocratie post-communisme transition Europe orientale.
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