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La restructuration

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  • "L'apprehension juridique de la restructuration, operation d'origine economique, se revele par l'elaboration d'une notion juridique autononne et d'un regime unitaire. la restructuration s'entend de la modification du cadre et du mode d'organisation de la structure, modification trouvant son support dans un mecanisme juridique susceptible d'entrainer une transformation durable et sensible de ses elements essentiels, le pouvoir et l'activite. cette definition comporte deux criteres principaux. la premiere - la structure - est une organisation stable, siege d'un pouvoir de decision autonome et du developpement d'une activite economique. elle constitue une categorie juridique specifique permettant une approche renouvelee des notions de societe, de groupe ou d'entreprise. le second - le mecanisme -, initie sur decision du titulaire du pouvoir, affecte de facon durable et sensible la structure emportant alteration de son identite. la restructuration se manifeste par l'eclatement de la communaute de travail et la concentration du marche. le regime de la restructuration repose sur un principe de liberte d'organisation fonde sur la liberte d'entreprendre ainsi que sur un principe de faveur s'exprimant au travers de mesures d'incitations, d'un principe de neutralite de la forme juridique et d'une faculte d'optimisation que seules les exigences de realite et de justification temperent. l'initiation de la restructuration doit se distinguer de la simulation et respecter l'interet de la structure concernee. des lors, la legitimite de l'operation s'en trouve accrue. par ailleurs, la realisation de la restructuration est l'objet d'un controle etendu et complexe. ce dernier repose sur la transparence de l'operation a laquelle concourent de nombreuses obligations d'information et a pour but la protection des personnes - par le biais de la reconnaissance d'un droit au maintien et plus paradoxalement d'un droit de retrait - et des marches. l'heterogeneite de ces dispositions n'evite pas l'ecueil de la complexite. elle est source de conflits et d'inefficacite. enfin, le caractere exceptionnel de la remise en cause de la restructuration - ou de ses modalites - a titre de sanction denote une volonte limitee du legislateur de s'opposer a celle-ci."
  • "The legal understanding of the reorganization, a originally economical operation, is materialized by the construction of a autonomous legal notion and of a unitary regime. the reorganization is understood by the modification of the framework and organization terms of the entity, such modification being supported by a legal mechanism likely to entail a durable and significant transformation of its main elements, the power and the activity. this definition comprises two mains criteria. the first one - the structure - is a stable organization, location of a autonomous power of decision and of the developmant of an economical activity. this constitutes a specific legal category allowing a new approach of the concepts of corporation, group or business. the second - the mechanism - initialized by decision of the power holder, affects durably and significantly the entity affecting its identity. the reorganization is revealed by an dispersion of the working community and a market concentration. the reorganization regime is based on a princip of freedom of organization based on freedom of enterprise, as well on a princip of favor arising by incentive measures, a princip of neutrality of the legal form and by a optimization faculty only altered by reality and justification requests. the initialization of the reorganization must be distinguished from the stimulation and respect the interest of the concerned structure. thus, the legitimacy of the operation is subject to a wide and complex control. the later is based on the transparency of the operation to which concur numerous duties of information and has for goal to protect the individuals - by recognizing a righ to be maintained and paradoxically a righ to withdraw - and the market. the heterogeneousness of these dispositions does not impeach complexity. it is a source of conflicts and inefficiency. finally, the exceptional character of the discussion of the reorganization - or its terms - as sanctions, enlights a limited will of the legislator to oppose such reorganization."

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  • "La restructuration"

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