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"The 1992 Rio Earth Summit was supposed to be a turning point for the World Bank. Environmental concerns would now play a major role in its lendingprograms and projects would go beyond economic development to sustainable development. More than two decades later, efforts to green the bank seem pallid. Bruce Rich argues that the Banks current institutional problems are extensions of flaws that had been present since its founding. His new book,Foreclosing the Future, tells the story of the Bank from the Rio Earth Summit to today. For readers who want the full history of the Banks environmental record, Richs acclaimed 1994 critique,Mortgaging the Earth, is an essential companion. Called a detailed and thought-provoking look at an important subject byThe New York Times,Mortgaging the Earth analyzes the twenty year period leading up the Rio Summit. Rich offers not only an important history but critical insights about economic development that are ever-more relevant today."@en
"This critique of World Bank operations examines the effects of this organization on the societies in which it operates. Highly critical of the Bank's practices in its 50 years of operation, the author demonstrates how the Bank has become virtually unaccountable and a law unto itself. He describes how the Bank has supported oppressive regimes and loaned money to support large projects which have displaced local populations. He argues further that the Bank's current policies of structural adjustment are arresting the development of Third World countries."@en
"The World Bank is the single biggest source of finance for international development, and its policies have a critical impact on the future of more than 110 borrowing countries. In this dramatic and lively new critique, Bruce Rich, internationally known expert on the environment and the World Bank, analyzes how the Bank has become a seemingly unstoppable and often destructive environmental and political force. The author chronicles the life-and-death impact of Bank-funded projects around the world: huge dams that have forced the resettlement of millions of the poorest people on earth, road building and jungle colonization schemes in Brazil, Indonesia, and Africa that have left vast deforestation and social conflict in their wake, and much more. Rich also recounts the bold grassroots campaigns of nongovernmental groups seeking alternatives to Bank-style development. Confidential internal Bank documents expose chronic misrepresentations by Bank management to its donor nations and to the public. Rich reveals how senior officials continue to push money into projects with disastrous ecological and human rights consequences, despite early and persistent protests of Bank staff. He shows how repeatedly and without political accountability the Bank has increased its support for regimes that torture and murder their subjects, from Ceaucescu's Romania to Suharto's Indonesia. Mortgaging the Earth explains the so-called pressure to lend that emerges as a leitmotif in the Bank's fifty-year history and shows how this institutional dynamic has taken on a damaging life of its own. Rich traces the history of the Bank, from its inception at Bretton Woods, where it was conceived as a way to funnel reconstruction loans for war-torn Europe, through the surreally top-down tenure of Robert McNamara to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit. At Rio, governments poured billions of dollars more into the Bank to save our global environment - while the Bank financed new ecological disasters. The World Bank, Rich demonstrates in a provocative history of development from Descartes to Max Weber to Chico Mendes, is a crucible of the goals of the modern age, goals that in the very moment of their worldwide triumph have become problematic. He shows how the Bank's dilemmas mirror our global civilization's crisis of values and gives expert prescription for reform. Mortgaging the Earth makes disturbingly clear why every American should be concerned about the World Bank, as a critical arena where the global politics of technology, development, and the environment are played out on a small planet, one where the stakes are increasingly for keeps."

genre

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"Ressources Internet"
"Electronic books"@en

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"Mortgaging the earth : The World Bank, environmental impoverishment, and the crisis of development"
"Mortgaging the earth : the World Bank, environmental impoverishment, and the crisis of development"
"Mortgaging the earth : the World Bank, environmental impoverishment, and the crisis of development"@en
"Mortgaging the earth : the World Bank, environmental impoverishment and the crisis of development"
"Mortgaging the earth : the Worldbank, environmental impovrishment and the crisis of development"
"Mortgaging the earth the World Bank, environmental impoverishment, and the crisis of development"@en
"Menggadaikan bumi : Bank Dunia, pemiskinan lingkungan dan krisis pembangunan"
"Mortgaging the earth : the World bank, environmental impoverishment, and the crisis of development"
"Mortgaging the Earth : The World Bank, Environmental Impoverishment, and the Crisis of Development"
"Mortgaging the Earth : the World Bank, environmental impoverishment and the crisis of development"@en
"Mortgaging the Earth : the World Bank, environmental impoverishment and the crisis of development"
"Mortgaging the Earth : The World Bank"@en
"Mortgaging the Earth The World Bank, Environmental Impoverishment, and the Crisis of Development"

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