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"Working around the military" revisited : spouse employment in the 2000 Census Data

Previous studies have shown that military wives women married to U.S. military service members are more likely to be unemployed than their civilian counterparts (Grossman, 1981; Hayghe, 1974; Schwartz, Wood, and Griffith, 1991; Payne Warner, and Little, 1992; Wardynski, 2000; Hosek et al., 2002; and Harrell et al., 2004). Those who are employed earn less on average than do civilian wives. These studies, however, in so far as they are based on large, representative samples, rely on information that is now somewhat dated, and they have little to say about military husbands. The purpose of the current study is to remedy these deficiencies by repeating earlier analyses of military wives using data from the 2000 census and by extending those analyses to military husbands. Specifically, we seek to determine the following: Background characteristics of military and civilian spouses that are potentially related to employment and earnings (e.g., race/ethnicity, education, mobility, and location). Employment and earnings status of military and civilian spouses, in general and for each service. Trends in all of these variables since 1990. The impact of individual and contextual characteristics of military and civilian spouses on employment disparities."

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  • "Previous studies have shown that military wives women married to U.S. military service members are more likely to be unemployed than their civilian counterparts (Grossman, 1981; Hayghe, 1974; Schwartz, Wood, and Griffith, 1991; Payne Warner, and Little, 1992; Wardynski, 2000; Hosek et al., 2002; and Harrell et al., 2004). Those who are employed earn less on average than do civilian wives. These studies, however, in so far as they are based on large, representative samples, rely on information that is now somewhat dated, and they have little to say about military husbands. The purpose of the current study is to remedy these deficiencies by repeating earlier analyses of military wives using data from the 2000 census and by extending those analyses to military husbands. Specifically, we seek to determine the following: Background characteristics of military and civilian spouses that are potentially related to employment and earnings (e.g., race/ethnicity, education, mobility, and location). Employment and earnings status of military and civilian spouses, in general and for each service. Trends in all of these variables since 1990. The impact of individual and contextual characteristics of military and civilian spouses on employment disparities.""@en
  • "Previous studies have shown that military wives-women married to U.S. military service members-are more likely to be unemployed and earning less than their civilian counterparts. This study updates earlier analyses of military wives, analyzes trends over the last decade, and extends those analyses to include military husbands. Military spouses continue to be at a relative disadvantage in the labor market compared with civilian spouses."
  • "Previous studies have shown that military wives-women married to U.S. military service members-are more likely to be unemployed and earning less than their civilian counterparts. But these studies rely on information that is somewhat dated, and they have little to say about military husbands. This study revisits the gaps in employment and earnings between military and civilian wives using the 2000 census, and extends these analyses to include military husbands. Military spouses continue to be at a relative disadvantage in the labor market compared with civilian spouses. Even though policies that target demographic disparities such as mobility, location, and child care may reduce the gaps to a certain extent, they will not affect the portion attributable to unobserved factors that are not captured in the census data, such as employer's attitude."
  • "Previous studies have shown that military wives-women married to U.S. military service members-are more likely to be unemployed and earning less than their civilian counterparts. But these studies rely on information that is somewhat dated, and they have little to say about military husbands. This study revisits the gaps in employment and earnings between military and civilian wives using the 2000 census, and extends these analyses to include military husbands. Military spouses continue to be at a relative disadvantage in the labor market compared with civilian spouses. Even though policies that target demographic disparities such as mobility, location, and child care may reduce the gaps to a certain extent, they will not affect the portion attributable to unobserved factors that are not captured in the census data, such as employer's attitude."@en

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  • ""Working around the military" revisited : spouse employment in the 2000 Census Data"@en
  • ""Working around the military" revisited : spouse employment in the 2000 census data"@en
  • ""Working around the military" revisited : spouse employment in the 2000 census data"
  • ""Working around the military" revisited spouse employment in the 2000 Census Data"
  • ""Working around the military" revisited spouse employment in the 2000 Census data"@en
  • ""Working around the military" revisited spouse employment in the 2000 Census Data"@en