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Formalin : its toxicity to nontarget aquatic organisms, persistence, and counteraction
The acute toxicity of formaline to selected fishes and aquatic invertebrates was determined in standardized laboratory tests. Fish species exposed were chinook salmon, rainbow trout, Atlantic salmon, lake trout, black bullhead, channel catfish, green sunfish, bluegill, smallmouth bass, and largemouth bass. Invertebrates exposed were freshwater prawn, seed shrimp, Asiatic clam, snail (Helisoma sp.), and backswimmer. The toxicity of formalin was unchanged in solutions aged as long as three weeks; the biological half-life could not be determined. Formalin was not detoxified by oxidation or reduction, and filtration through activated carbon did not significantly reduce toxicity.
- "The acute toxicity of formaline to selected fishes and aquatic invertebrates was determined in standardized laboratory tests. Fish species exposed were chinook salmon, rainbow trout, Atlantic salmon, lake trout, black bullhead, channel catfish, green sunfish, bluegill, smallmouth bass, and largemouth bass. Invertebrates exposed were freshwater prawn, seed shrimp, Asiatic clam, snail (Helisoma sp.), and backswimmer. The toxicity of formalin was unchanged in solutions aged as long as three weeks; the biological half-life could not be determined. Formalin was not detoxified by oxidation or reduction, and filtration through activated carbon did not significantly reduce toxicity."@en
- "Formalin : its toxicity to nontarget aquatic organisms, persistence, and counteraction"@en