"Pogoji za upokojitev." . . "Predčasna upokojitev." . . "Collocamento a riposo - Giappone." . . "Japan." . . "Japan" . "Europa." . . "Europa" . "Vervroegde uittreding." . . "Japonska." . . "USA." . . "USA" . "Europese Unie." . . "Aposentadoria voluntária Europa." . . "Retraite Japon." . . "Early retirement Europe Evaluation." . . "Política e governo Estados Unidos." . . "Evropa." . . "Préretraite États-Unis." . . "USA" . . "Aposentadoria voluntária Estados Unidos." . . "Jubilación Estados Unidos." . . "Politique de l'emploi." . . "Business." . . "Retraite anticipée." . . "Early retirement Law and legislation Cross-cultural studies United States 21st century." . . "Europa (geografie)" . . "Early retirement Law and legislation Cross-cultural studies Europe 21st century." . . "Westeuropa" . . "Emerytury polityka rządowa Stany Zjednoczone." . . "Retirement Government policy 21st century Cross-cultural studies United States." . . "Pension scheme." . . "Collocamento a riposo - Stati Uniti d'America." . . "Retirement Government policy 21st century Cross-cultural studies Europe." . . "Verenigde Staten van Amerika." . . "Retraite Politique gouvernementale Japon." . . "Emerytura wcześniejsza Stany Zjednoczone." . . . . "beskæftigelsespolitik" . . "Early retirement Law and legislation Cross-cultural studies Japan 21st century." . . "Vorruhestand." . . "Združene države." . . "Early retirement Japan." . . "Europe." . . "Retraite Politique gouvernementale Europe." . . "Early retirement Evaluation 21st century Cross-cultural studies Japan." . . "Early retirement Japan Evaluation." . . "Retirement Government policy 21st century Cross-cultural studies Japan." . . "Early retirement Europe." . . "Early retirement United States Evaluation." . . "Politique sociale." . . "Internationaler Vergleich." . . "Early retirement." . . "Retraite Politique gouvernementale États-Unis." . . "pensionister" . . "retraite anticipée Europe 20e s. (fin) / 21e s. (début)" . . "Política Europa." . . "Emerytury polityka rządowa Japonia." . . "Préretraite Europe Évaluation." . . "Verenigde Staten." . . "Jubilació Estats Units d'Amèrica Planificació." . . "Jubilació Espanya Planificació." . . "retraite anticipée Japon 20e s. (fin) / 21e s. (début)" . . "pensioner" . . "Prejubilació Estats Units d'Amèrica." . . "Jubilación Europa." . . "Frühpensionierung Internationaler Vergleich." . . "Préretraite Europe." . . "Pensioni - Riforma - Giappone." . . "Retirement Government policy Japan." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Since the 1970s early exit from work has become a major challenge in modern welfare states. Governments, employers, and unions alike once thought of early retirement as a peaceful solution to the economic problems of mass unemployment and industrial restructuring. Today governments and international organizations advocate the postponement of retirement and an increase in activity among older workers. Comparing the USA, eight European countries, and Japan, this book demonstratessignificant cross-national differences in early retirement across countries and over time. The study evaluates the imp."@en . . . "Llibres electrònics" . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Electronic books"@en . . . . "Reforming Early Retirement in Europe, Japan and the USA" . "Reforming Early Retirement in Europe, Japan and the USA"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Reforming early retirement in Europe, Japan and the USA" . "Reforming early retirement in Europe, Japan and the USA"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Since the 1970s early exit from work has become a major challenge in modern welfare states. Governments, employers, and unions alike once thought of early retirement as a peaceful solution to the economic problems of mass unemployment and industrial restructuring. Today governments and international organizations advocate the postponement of retirement and an increase in activity among older workers. Comparing the USA, eight European countries, and Japan, this book demonstrates significant cross-national differences in early retirement across countries and over time. The study evaluates the impact of major variations in welfare regimes, production systems, and labor relations. It stresses the importance of the 'pull factor' of extensive welfare state provisions, particularly in Continental Europe; the 'push factor' of labor shedding strategies by firms, particularly in Anglo-American market economies; and the role of employers and worker representatives in negotiating retirement policies, particularly in coordinated market economies.; Over the last three decades, early retirement has become a popular social policy and employment practice in the workplace, adding to the fiscal crises and employment problems of today's welfare states. Attempts to reverse early retirement policies have led to major reform debates. Unilateral government policies to cut back on social benefits have not had the expected employment results due to resistance from employers, workers, and their organizations. Successful reforms require the cooperation of both sides. This study provides comprehensive empirical analysis and a balanced approach to studying both the pull and the push factors affecting early exit from work needed to understand the development of early retirement regimes." . . . . . . . "Comparing the USA, eight European countries, & Japan, this book demonstrates significant cross-national differences in early retirement. The study evaluates the impact of major variations in welfare regimes, production systems, & labour relations. It examines both the pull & the push factors affecting early exit from work." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Electronic resource" . . . . . . . . "Analyse comparative." . . "Pensioni - Riforma - Europa." . . "Japan" . . "UE/CE Etats membres." . . "Jubilació Europa Planificació." . . "Préretraite Japon Évaluation." . . "Japon." . . "Early retirement Evaluation 21st century Cross-cultural studies Europe." . . "Prejubilación Europa." . . "Early retirement United States." . . "Emerytury polityka rządowa Kraje Unii Europejskiej." . . "Pensionering." . . "Pensioni - Riforma - Stati Uniti d'America." . . "Política e governo Japão." . . "Ebbinghaus, Bernhard" . . "Rentenreform" . . "Sistem pokojninskega zavarovanja." . . "Jubilación." . . "Prejubilació Comunitat Econòmica Europea, Països de la." . . "Prejubilación Japón." . . "Prejubilación Estados Unidos." . . "Prejubilació Japó." . . "Arbeidsmarkt." . . "Etats-Unis d'Amérique." . . "Flexible Altersgrenze" . . "Retirement Government policy Europe." . . "Préretraite Pays de l'Union européenne." . . "Retirement conditions." . . "Aposentadoria voluntária Japão." . . "Emerytura wcześniejsza Japonia." . . "United States." . . "Emerytura wcześniejsza Kraje Unii Europejskiej." . . "Préretraite Japon." . . "Early retirement Evaluation 21st century Cross-cultural studies United States." . . "Préretraite États-Unis Évaluation." . . "retraite anticipée Etats-Unis 20e s. (fin) / 21e s. (début)" . . "Sociaal beleid." . . "BUSINESS & ECONOMICS Personal Finance Retirement Planning." . . "Retirement Government policy United States." . . "Collocamento a riposo - Europa ." . . "Prejubilació Europa." . . "Retraite Pays de l'Union européenne." . . "Retraite États-Unis." . . "Vorzeitige Pensionierung." . .