The Forty Days of Musa Dagh is Franz Werfel's masterpiece that brought him international acclaim in 1933, drawing the world's attention to the Armenian genocide. This is the story of how the people of several Armenian villages in the mountains along the coast of present-day Turkey and Syria chose not to obey the deportation order of the Turkish government. Instead, they fortified a plateau on the slopes of Musa Dagh⁰́₄Mount Moses⁰́₄and repelled Turkish soldiers and military police during the summer of 1915 while holding out hope for the warships of the Allies to save them.The original English translation by Geoffrey Dunlop has been revised and expanded by translator James Reidel and scholar Violet Lutz. The Dunlop translation, had excised approximately 25% of the original two-volume text to accommodate the Book-of-the-Month club and to streamline the novel for film adaptation. The restoration of these passages and their new translation gives a fuller picture of the extensive inner lives of the characters, especially the hero Gabriel Bagradian, his wife Juliette, their son Stephan⁰́₄and Iskuhi Tomasian, the damaged, nineteen-year-old Armenian woman whom the older Bagradian loves. What is more apparent now is the personal story that Werfel tells, informed by events and people in his own life, a device he often used in his other novels as well, in which the author, his wife Alma, his stepdaughter Manon Gropius, and others in his circle are reinvented. Reidel has also revised the existing translation to free Werfel's stronger usages from Dunlop's softening of meaning, his effective censoring of the novel in order to fit the mores and commercial contingencies of the mid-1930s.
"The Forty Days of Musa Dagh is Franz Werfel's masterpiece that brought him international acclaim in 1933, drawing the world's attention to the Armenian genocide. This is the story of how the people of several Armenian villages in the mountains along the coast of present-day Turkey and Syria chose not to obey the deportation order of the Turkish government. Instead, they fortified a plateau on the slopes of Musa Dagh⁰́₄Mount Moses⁰́₄and repelled Turkish soldiers and military police during the summer of 1915 while holding out hope for the warships of the Allies to save them.The original English translation by Geoffrey Dunlop has been revised and expanded by translator James Reidel and scholar Violet Lutz. The Dunlop translation, had excised approximately 25% of the original two-volume text to accommodate the Book-of-the-Month club and to streamline the novel for film adaptation. The restoration of these passages and their new translation gives a fuller picture of the extensive inner lives of the characters, especially the hero Gabriel Bagradian, his wife Juliette, their son Stephan⁰́₄and Iskuhi Tomasian, the damaged, nineteen-year-old Armenian woman whom the older Bagradian loves. What is more apparent now is the personal story that Werfel tells, informed by events and people in his own life, a device he often used in his other novels as well, in which the author, his wife Alma, his stepdaughter Manon Gropius, and others in his circle are reinvented. Reidel has also revised the existing translation to free Werfel's stronger usages from Dunlop's softening of meaning, his effective censoring of the novel in order to fit the mores and commercial contingencies of the mid-1930s."@en
"Německy píšící autor narozený v Praze, zachycuje v rozměrném románě, dokončeném v roce Hitlerova nástupu k moci, útlak Arménů a vyhlazovací boje proti nim v Turecku v době první světové války. Jádrem příběhu je čtyřicet dnítrvající hrdinský boj malé nezkušené arménské armády, statečně odolávající na Hoře Mojžíšově na pobřeží Středozemního moře mnohonásobné turecké-muslimské přesile. Román byl v době svého zrodu přijat jako varovné, uměleckypodmanivé humanistické poselství."
"Čtyřicet dnů trval zoufalý a beznadějný hrdinský boj zbytečku pokojného arménského národa, který byl nacionalistickým imperialismem Turků určen k vyhlazení. Poslední jsou zatlačeni na pahorek, ale nevzdávají se. "Čtyřista hrobů se přece jen vešlo do té hubené hlíny. Hroby z první doby mají neotesané vápencové balvany a desky s černými nápisy. Pozdější však jsou označeny již jen prázdnými dřevěnými kříži Ani poslední Armén se nevzdal. Lační po životě,doufá v záchranu, nepoddává se. "Měl štěstí. Druhá turecká střela mu roztříštila spánek. Objal pevně dřevo kříže a strhl je svým pádem. A kříž synův spočinul na jeho srdci." - Tak bezútěšně skončil příběh, k němuž byl Werfel inspirován nepředstavitelně ubohým životem Turky zavlečených arménských dětí. W. se stal smutným prorokem nacistického běsnění (román vznikl r. 1932), když na výstrahu četl krátce před "převzetím moci" kapitoly z této knihy po Německu."
"Armenian resident of Paris returns to homeland only to find Turkey trying to exterminate his own people."@en
"Armenian resident of Paris returns to homeland only to find Turkey trying to exterminate his own people."
"Written in the early 1930's and prefiguring the ethnic horrors of World War II, Franz Werfel's The Forty Days of Musa Dagh remains the only significant treatment, fiction or nonfiction, in any literature, of the first in the twentieth century's long series of holy wars and lamentable inhumanities."
"Account of the Armenian people's fight for freedom and survival during the 1914 Turkish onslaught designed to massacre 1.6 million Armenians. Depicts the forty day stand of the freedom fighters on top of Mount Musa Dagh under the leadership of Gabrief Bagradian."
"The defences of the Armenian inhabitants of Musa Dagh, 1915."
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Mahler-Werfel Library (University of Pennsylvania)
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Guerra Mundial I, 1914-1918 Campañas Siria Novela.
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Guerre mondiale, 1914-1918 Romans, nouvelles, etc.
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