Though almost forgotten today, Herbert Spencer ranks as one of the foremost individualist philosophers. His influence in the latter half of the nineteenth century was immense. Spencer's name is usually linked with Darwin's, for it was he who penned the phrase, "survival of the fittest." Today in America he is most often admired for his trenchant essays in The Man Versus the State. But Spencer himself considered The Principles of Ethics to be his finest work. In the second volume, under "Justice," is his final statement on the role of the state. His formula for justice is summed up in these words: "Every man is free to do that which he wills, provided he infringes not the equal freedom of any other man."
""In this volume Herbert Spencer covers the "data" of ethics (Part I), the "inductions" of ethics (Part II), and the ethics of individual life (Part III). He maintains that there is a natural mechanism--an 'innate moral sense'--in human beings by which they come to arrive at certain moral intuitions and from which laws of conduct might be deduced. Spencer adopted a utilitarian standard of ultimate value--the greatest happiness of the greatest number--and the culmination of the evolutionary process would be the maximization of utility. In the perfect society individuals would not only derive pleasure from the exercise of altruism but would aim to avoid inflicting pain on others. This volume was originally published in 1879 under the title of The Data of Ethics." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)."
"Though almost forgotten today, Herbert Spencer ranks as one of the foremost individualist philosophers. His influence in the latter half of the nineteenth century was immense. Spencer's name is usually linked with Darwin's, for it was he who penned the phrase, "survival of the fittest." Today in America he is most often admired for his trenchant essays in The Man Versus the State. But Spencer himself considered The Principles of Ethics to be his finest work. In the second volume, under "Justice," is his final statement on the role of the state. His formula for justice is summed up in these words: "Every man is free to do that which he wills, provided he infringes not the equal freedom of any other man.""@en
"Enth.: Bd.1: Die Thatsachen der Ethik ; Die Inductionen der Ethik ; Die Ethik des individuellen Lebens. Bd.2: Gerechtigkeit ; Die Ethik des socialen Lebens, negatives Wohlthun ; Positives Wohlthun."
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Algemeen; filosofie; personen en stelsels; denkers uit het midden en de tweede helft van de negentiende eeuw; Spencer, Herbert.
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Generalities; philosophy; philosophers, systems, schools; 19th century; Herbert Spencer.
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