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Citizens and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism

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  • "Afrique contemporaine et l'héritage du colonialisme tardif"
  • "Contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism"

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  • ""M. Mamdani nous propose une relecture complète de l'histoire coloniale et postcoloniale des Etats de l'Afrique noire contemporaine. Il faut dépasser, selon lui, l'opposition entre les partisans, modernistes et modernisateurs, du droit et de la société civile et les partisans, communautaristes, qui défendent les tribus et les cultures. Cette démarche conduit à reconsidérer l'héritage institutionnel, légué par le colonialisme, ainsi que les types de résistance que ces pouvoirs ont suscités. La problématique centrale de la démonstration veut renverser un des lieux communs les mieux établis, à savoir le caractère soi-disant exceptionnel de l'apartheid et de la ségrégation institutionnelle (celle qu'a théorisé le général Smuts, l'un des fondateurs de l'Union sud-africaine). Ce despotisme décentralisé, selon les termes de l'auteur, est en fait la forme canonique de l'Etat colonial. Ce gouvernement indirect se distingue évidemment du gouvernement direct, qui prend le nom de despotisme centralisé. De leur coté les résistances au pouvoir relèvent de deux cas de figure, la division entre le rural et l'urbain d'une part et la division entre ethnies de l'autre. C'est cet angle d'attaque qui lui permet d'expliquer comment l'Etat colonial fut bien déracialisé après l'indépendance mais pas du tout démocratisé. M. Mamdani explore de nombreux exemples historiques ou actuels et nous conduit de l'Afrique de l'Ouest à l'Afrique orientale en passant par l'Afrique centrale et l'Afrique du Sud. Cette dernière a d'ailleurs droit à un chapitre où l'auteur analyse les soubassements sociaux et ethniques des luttes contre l'apartheid. Tour à tour historien, anthropologue et politologue, voir militant, M. Mamdani intervient ici dans les débats de la réforme démocratique de l'Etat en mettant au jour la profonde unité des régimes politiques africains ainsi que les limites génériques de leurs remises en cause tant nationalistes que démocratiques."--Back cover."
  • "This book examines the state and political conditions in contemporary Africa. It includes chapters on despotism, tribalism, rural and urban communities and peasant movements in equatorial Africa."
  • ""In analyzing the obstacles to democratization in post- independence Africa, Mahmood Mamdani offers a bold, insightful account of colonialism's legacy--a bifurcated power that mediated racial domination through tribally organized local authorities, reproducing racial identity in citizens and ethnic identity in subjects. Many writers have understood colonial rule as either "direct" (French) or "indirect" (British), with a third variant--apartheid--as exceptional. This benign terminology, Mamdani shows, masks the fact that these were actually variants of a despotism. While direct rule denied rights to subjects on racial grounds, indirect rule incorporated them into a "customary" mode of rule, with state-appointed Native Authorities defining custom. By tapping authoritarian possibilities in culture, and by giving culture an authoritarian bent, indirect rule (decentralized despotism) set the pace for Africa; the French followed suit by changing from direct to indirect administration, while apartheid emerged relatively later. Apartheid, Mamdani shows, was actually the generic form of the colonial state in Africa. Through case studies of rural (Uganda) and urban (South Africa) resistance movements, we learn how these institutional features fragment resistance and how states tend to play off reform in one sector against repression in the other. Reforming a power that institutionally enforces tension between town and country, and between ethnicities, is the key challenge for anyone interested in democratic reform in Africa."--Princeton University Press."
  • "In analyzing the obstacles to democratization in post- independence Africa, Mahmood Mamdani offers a bold, insightful account of colonialism's legacy--a bifurcated power that mediated racial domination through tribally organized local authorities, reproducing racial identity in citizens and ethnic identity in subjects. Many writers have understood colonial rule as either "direct" (French) or "indirect" (British), with a third variant--apartheid--as exceptional. This benign terminology, Mamdani shows, masks the fact that these were actually variants of a despotism. While direct rule denied rights to subjects on racial grounds, indirect rule incorporated them into a "customary" mode of rule, with state-appointed Native Authorities defining custom. By tapping authoritarian possibilities in culture, and by giving culture an authoritarian bent, indirect rule (decentralized despotism) set the pace for Africa the French followed suit by changing from direct to indirect administration, while apartheid emerged relatively later. Apartheid, Mamdani shows, was actually the generic form of the colonial state in Africa. Through case studies of rural (Uganda) and urban (South Africa) resistance movements, we learn how these institutional features fragment resistance and how states tend to play off reform in one sector against repression in the other. Reforming a power that institutionally enforces tension between town and country, and between ethnicities, is the key challenge for anyone interested in democratic reform in Africa."

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  • "History"
  • "History"@en

name

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  • "Contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism"
  • "Citizens and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism"@en
  • "Citoyen et sujet l'Afrique contemporaine et l'héritage du colonialisme tardif"
  • "Citoyen et sujet : l'Afrique contemporaine et l'héritage du colonialisme tardif"
  • "Ciudadano y súbdito : África contemporánea y el legado del colonialismo tardío"
  • "Citizen and subject contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism"
  • "Ciudadano y súbdito : Africa contemporánea y el legado del colonialismo tardío"@es
  • "Citizen and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism"@it
  • "Citizen and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism"@en
  • "Citizen and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism"

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