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Application of Cavitation Erosion Modeling within Engine Development
- "The paper summarizes the capability of the numerical model implemented in the commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code AVL FIRE v2013 [1] to predict erosive effects due to cavitation. It addresses positive aspects of the existing capability and discusses limitations thereof. Erosive cavitating flows are of interest within the automotive and other internal combustion (IC) related industries producing and applying fuel injection components. The ability to predict this kind of internal flows by means of CFD, allows for improved engine efficiency, decreased emissions and shorter development cycles. Accurate modeling of cavitating flows, described here, is a prerequisite for the prediction of erosion effects. Driving force for erosive damage are the implosions of the bubbles generated due to cavitation and thereafter collapsing on or near the surface of the exposed material. Therefore, prediction of vapor generation and accurate transport of the bubbles are crucial. Main focus of this paper is to summarize the modeling details for both, poly-dispersed cavitation modeling and for erosion modeling as a consequence of cavitation. A realistic Diesel injector is applied to numerically predict erosion probability on the spray-hole surface. Furthermore, the influence of the eroded spray hole surface on the spray shape beyond the injector outlet is investigated. Good agreement of measured and numerically predicted erosion probability [7] proves the applicability of the utilized numerical tool in the early design stage of injection components to distinguish between "safe" and "un-safe" component designs in terms of erosion probability. The influence of cavitation erosion damage within the spray hole on the spray propagation can also be investigated. Consequently, it is shown that CFD predictions can be employed to control durability, efficiency and emissions of the considered engine configurations."
- "Application of Cavitation Erosion Modeling within Engine Development"